How to set up an oxy acetylene torch with pictures wikihow. A carburising flame is where there is more acetylene than oxygen used. Keep the cylinder wrench, if one is required, on the cylinder valve so the cylinder may be turned off quickly if it becomes necessary. Key characteristics of a carburising flame is a secondary feather flame, caused by the excess acetylene burning further down the flame length. The welder can adjust the oxy acetylene flame to be carbonizing aka reducing, neutral, or oxidizing. Combustion and flame 31, 3751 1978 37 the positive and negative ions in oxy acetylene flames a. Pdf oxyacetylene flame heights which were obtained through representation from a number of camera shots were compared from those. A neutral flame is so named because it has no chemical effect on the molten metal. In fact, the oxyacetylene flame burns at 6000 f, and is the only gas flame that is hot enough to melt all commercial metals.
It is suitable for repair and construction work, for welding. For complete combustion of one unit volume of acetylene, 2. After reading this article you will learn about the structure of oxyacetylene flame with the help of suitable diagrams. A welding torch is used in the joining of materials, whereas the cutting torch is used in the separation of materials. C, the mixture of oxygen and acetylene is used as it is the only gas combination with enough heat to weld steel.
There is to the acetylene needs to the condition, the cylinders are. Open the oxygen blowpipe valve slowly, until you achieve a neutral flame. If there is too much acetylene, flame breaks away from the tip. Pdf the positive and negative ions in oxyacetylene flames. You can produce a neutral flame by increasing the acetylene flow until the flame has a yellow end, then reducing it until there is a sharp, white inner cone. The function of each type however is to apply heat to material via a flame created at the nozzle or the cutting tip. Pdf parametric control of oxyacetylene flame profile. Oxygen and acetylene together in a flame provide the heat necessary to melt most metals. The neutral flame is the flame most generally used when welding or cutting. Basic gas welding and cutting department of training and.
In fact, the oxy acetylene flame burns at 6000 f, and is the only gas flame that is hot enough to melt all commercial metals. Oxyacetylene torches are the most common heating source, using acetylene as the main fuel in combination with oxygen to generate the highest combustion temperature. Oxy fuel welding is a process that uses heat created by a gas flame to melt the base material. Disadvantages of oxy acetylene welding oxy acetylene weld lines are much rougher in appearance than other kinds of welds, and require more finishing if neatness is required. When mapp gas is used with oxygen its temperature is slightly lower than acetylene oxygen, but the heat is more evenly distributed throughout the flame envelope, making it excellent for brazing. It can be used for cutting steel, welding steel, brazing and for heating metal. Using matches to light the torch brings your fingers too close to the tip. Air acetylene equipment feather flame acetylene kit economically priced air fuel kit which has a tip design that produces excellent flame characteristics for soldering and light brazing. It is in the torch that acetylene and oxygen are mixed. Only use oxy fuel equipment with the fuel gas it was designed for. Mainly this channel is developed for engineering students, such as btechbe, diploma engineering polytechnic, iti etc. Oxyacetylene cutting safety occupational safety and. When mixed together in correct proportions within a handheld torch or blowpipe, a hot flame is produced with a temperature of about 3,200c. However, if it is used incorrectly, serious injury can occur to you and the equipment.
Oxy fuel welding, commonly referred to as oxy welding or gas welding is a process of joining metals by. Also, unlike acetylene, mapp cylinders can be filled and drained rapidly, rather than the seven hours required to fill and empty an acetylene cylinder. Oxyacetylene welding, commonly referred to as gas welding, is a process which relies on combustion of oxygen and acetylene. The oxy acetylene torch can be used for various tasks. Oxy acetylene flame may also be used for all types of brazing. The gas flame created by combustion of oxygen and acetylene produces temperatures of 5600 to 6000 degrees, which is the hottest of any gas flame and is capable of melting almost any metal. From the above types, oxy acetylene gas welding was presented below in a detailed way. If the correct size of nozzle is being used a carburising flame should produce no more than a.
When the amount of acetylene reduces from natural flame or amount of oxygen increases, the inner cone tend to disappear and the flame obtain is known as oxidizing flame. This temperature provides enough heat to melt most metal. A neutral flame is achieved when there are equal amounts of oxygen and acetylene. Adjust acetylene to bring flame back down to almost touching the tip. While hydrogen, oxygen and acetylene are burned, diamond forms on the deposition substrate positioned in the reducing part of the flame at a substrate temperature of about 8001100. Oxy acetylene welds have large heat affected zones areas around the weld line that have had their mechanical properties adversely affected by the welding process there are safety issues with oxy acetylene as there is a naked flame present which does not exist with electrical forms of welding. It is usually signaled by a popping sound, after which the flame may either extinguish or reignite at the end. An excess of acetylene is easy to spot, but an excess of oxygen is difficult to spot except that it will cause molten metal to spark excessively.
Our book oxy acetylene torch setup connection, leak test, regulator psi setting, flame adjustment, shutdown. This is lower than the temperature of an electric arc, and also produces a less concentrated heat. Mediumduty oxyacetylene cutting and welding outfit 770 502. To shut off the torch, close the acetylene blowpipe valve first. Oxy acetylene cutting safety in agriculture osha standard 1910. Attention to provide an overall safety service, workers with the acetylene pressure. Oxyacetylene flame may also be used for all types of brazing. Safe operating procedures sop 15 oxy acetylene cutting. The oxyacetylene welding process combines oxygen and acetylene gas to provide a high temperature flame for welding.
Open the acetylene blowpipe valve slightly, and light the torch. Oxy fuel cutting uses acetylene and oxygen to preheat metal to red hot and then uses pure oxygen to burn away the preheated metal. Oxyfuel welding, commonly referred to as oxy welding or gas welding is a process of joining metals by. Check oxy fuel system for leaks with an approved leak detection solution or leak detector. The chemical action of the oxy acetylene flame can be adjusted. Oxy acetylene welds have large heat affected zones areas around the. A backfire is defined as the momentary recession of the flame into the torch, potentially causing a flashback or sustained backfire. Nevertheless, it is a versatile method, using simple and relatively cheap equipment. Setup and shutdown procedure for oxy fuel cutting torch. The carburizing or reducing flame is achieved by increasing acetylene flow with oxygen flow. The chemical reaction between acetylene and oxygen is exothermic in nature. An industrial oxy acetylene welding outfit, kindly placed at our.
Permanently posted with acetylene safety checklist to test for the. Oxyacetylene torch an overview sciencedirect topics. Pdf oxyfuel welding and cutting sewalem gezie academia. The disadvantage of the hightemperature acetylene preheat flame is the tendency for excessive melting of the top edges of the cut.
If the oxy welding cutting equipment is to be operated in a dangerous or hostile environment, the userclient. Always check with the manufacturer or other authorities first before attempting to operate oxy fuel equipment. It is hotter than natural flame and has clearly defined two zones. Oxy acetylene brazing setup, leak test, reg adjust, startup. To secure a neutral flame, always start with an excess of acetylene, then increase the flow of oxygen or decrease the flow of acetylene until the acetylene feather disappears from the center cone.
Adjustment is made by adding more or less oxygen to the acetylene flame. In order to comfortably and safely see the flame when welding or cutting, welding goggles must be worn. Li, in surface engineering of light alloys, 2010 7. Keep torch flame or sparks away from cylinder, regulator, and gas hose.
Oxy fuel welding commonly called oxyacetylene welding, oxy welding, or gas welding in the united states and oxy fuel cutting are processes that use fuel gases or liquid fuels such as gasoline and oxygen to weld or cut metals. In oxy acetylene welding, the flame produced by the combination of gases melts the. The oxidising flame is obtained by increasing just the oxygen flow rate while the carburising flame is achieved by increasing acetylene flow in relation to oxygen flow. Oxy acetylene equipment can also be used to flame cut large pieces of material. After the equipment has been properly set up, open the acetylene cylinder valve approximately 34 of a turn, but no more than 112 turns. After completing the training the student will be able to. This is the same as the oxy cutting process, except that a special type of nozzle is used in the standard cutting blowpipe. Slowly open the oxygen blowpipe headpiece valve until a neutral flame is produced. Continue to add oxygen until neutral flame is established. The oxy acetylene flame produces an intense bright light that causes. Use only acetylene or propane gas and oxygen with this equipment. Propane also nds a place in pro gas weldingcutting goggles and safety helmet duction, for cutting very large sections. The preheat flame is composed of fuel gas and oxygen at a proper mixture ratio to produce maximum flame temperature for greatest heating efficiency.
Feb 10, 2021 oxy acetylene welding uses a highheat, hightemperature flame that is produced by burning a fuel gas most commonly acetylene mixed with pure oxygen. This means if acetylene reaches 30 psi in a free state, it can explode by itself without a spark or flame being present. Because this is achieved by oxidation, it is only effective. Before and while lighting the flame, keep the tip pointed away from the body. Because steel melts at a temperature of 1500 degrees centigrade the mixture of oxygen and acetylene are used as it is the only gas combination with enough heat to weld steel. Open the acetylene blowpipe handpiece valve very slightly and light with a flint lighter only.
Apr 17, 2017 when the amount of acetylene reduces from natural flame or amount of oxygen increases, the inner cone tend to disappear and the flame obtain is known as oxidizing flame. Conventional flame spraying was first developed in 1910 davis, 2004 and is still widely used. The most commonly used gas welding is oxyacetylene gas welding because of its high flame temperature. So in this respect, the high efficiency of the acetylene flame pays off extremely well. For the maximum flame temperature in oxygen, the ratio of the volume of oxygen to fuel gas are 1,2 to 1 for acetylene and 4. Pass a written test on safety and operation procedures on the oxy acetylene unit with a minimum of 100 accuracy. This is generally associated with the use of too large a preheating flame once. Oxy acetylene gas welding is one of the oldest methods of welding and, for many years, was the most widely used welding technique. Pdf the positive and negative ions in oxyacetylene. The neutral flame is characterized by a temperature around 3200 degrees celsius 5900 degrees f, the absence of a hissing noise, a light blue outer flame and a sharp inner white flame. Oxy acetylene welding ofw fundamentals pressure settings. Due to its unique properties and high efficiency, acetylene also allows for faster processing, leading to a significant reduction in time and costs.
Introduction to oxyacetylene welding, unit 3 manual metal arc welding, unit 4. Oxygen acetylene welding, or gas welding, is a process which relies on. Oxyfuel oxyacetylene welding a guide to gas welding twi. Oxy propane torches are usually used for cutting up scrap to save money, as lpg is far cheaper joule for joule than acetylene, although propane does not produce acetylene s very neat cut pro le. Klas weman, in welding processes handbook second edition, 2012. The base material is melted with the filler rod using a flame from the combination of oxy fuel gas through the tip of the welding torch. Oxy acetylene welding oxy acetylene, commonly known as oxy fuel, is one of the. Turn on acetylene regulator and adjust to 35 psi 15 psi maximum. Because steel melts at a temperature above 1,500 deg. Pure oxygen, instead of air, is used to increase the. The flame is directed onto the surfaces of the joint, which melt, after which filler material can be added as necessary.
An oxy acetylene flame will fall loosely into one of three types. Introduction to gas welding and cutting a pdh online. Always be very aware of the dangers of a naked flame. Oxygen acetylene welding, or gas welding, is a process which relies on combustion of oxygen and acetylene. Continue to slowly open the acetylene valve until the correct flame length is achieved. Flame gouging on metal is an important extension of the principle of oxy acetylene cutting. The heat is generated by the combustion of acetylene in oxygen, which gives a flame temperature of about 3100 c. If this is not reasonably practicable and acetylene cylinders or an oxy acetylene set. The oxy acetylene flame produces an intense bright light that causes discomfort and possible injury to the eyes. Oxygenacetylene welding, or gas welding, is a process which relies on. Cutting with the oxy fuel process is just the opposite from of welding. Types of oxy acetylene welding flames gas welding welding.
When using oxy acetylene, always light the acetylene first, when using alternate fuel gases with oxygen, it is permissible to light the torch with both gases flowing. Acetylene is therefore the best solution for cutting, welding and related applications, which require a fast transfer of heat from the flame into mechanised oxy acetylene cutting the workpiece. If you light up the tip and the flame is away from the tip, decrease the acetylene pressure and let the flame come back against the tip. The inner zone has very bright white color and has temperature of about 3300 degree centigrade. In oxyacetylene welding, the flame produced by the combination of gases melts the. Acetylene cylinders should therefore be transported in open vehicles where it is reasonably practicable. Aug 02, 2018 oxyacetylene welding it is the common method of gas welding. February 2015 issue 2 pg 2 of 2 the instructions recommended within this document apply to normal risk conditions. Competencies given a functional oxy fuel gas unit, instruction and demonstration of use, each student will be able to.
The oxyacetylene flame produces an intense bright light that causes. Turn the acetylene knob on the cutting torch about a quarter of a turn and light the acetylene. The oxy acetylene torch is a safe tool if used properly. A preheating flame heats the metal to red heat, oxidation occurs, and the cut continues. The oxy acetylene flame is made by mixing oxygen and acetylene gases in a. Oxy propane cutting nozzle oxy acetylene cutting nozzle economy propane has greater stoichiometric oxygen requirements than acetylene. In addition to the purposes of welding connecting, gas welding can also be used as preheating, brazing, cutting, and hard facing. In case of welding, two parts are brought to a molten. Mar 11, 2019 oxy acetylene welding is a welding process manually, in which the surfaces to be joined, which is warming to melt by a gas flame oxyacetylene with or without filler metal, where the connection process without emphasis. Carpenters cutting rebar, safety controls on any oil or cause an oxygen leads to ensure all cylinders. Oxyacetylene welding school of the art institute of chicago. Adjust acetylene blowpipe valve until the primary and secondary combustion is correct. Acetylene has an unusually wide explosive limit which means that even a small leak in an enclosed space can cause an explosive atmosphere to build up. Introduction to oxy acetylene welding, unit 3 manual metal arc welding, unit 4.
753 549 207 830 362 1308 542 286 1183 629 476 19 465 955 750 730 788 429 1434 1438 905